Czecheslovakia was formed in 1918 with two main groups of people: The Czechs and the Slovaks. After two republics, the second world war, and a third republic, Czecheslovakia went Communist (1948-1989).
The country returned to democracy in 1989, and in 1992 it peacefully split into two countries: The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic (Slovakia).
Czech Republic on Wikipedia
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